Trans Legislation Tracker

2025 anti-trans bills tracker

In 2025, anti-trans bills continue to be introduced across the country. We track legislation that seeks to block trans people from receiving basic healthcare, education, legal recognition, and the right to publicly exist.

551 bills

46 states

8 passed

521 active

22 failed

AlaskaHawaiiAlabamaArkansasArizonaCaliforniaColoradoConnecticutFloridaGeorgiaIowaIdahoIllinoisIndianaKansasKentuckyLouisianaMassachusettsMarylandMaineMichiganMinnesotaMissouriMississippiMontanaNorth CarolinaNorth DakotaNebraskaNew HampshireNew JerseyNew MexicoNevadaNew YorkOhioOklahomaOregonPennsylvaniaRhode IslandSouth CarolinaSouth DakotaTennesseeTexasUtahVirginiaVermontWisconsinWest VirginiaWyomingDistrict of ColumbiaDelaware

Click on a state to see bills

Passed anti-trans bills

In 2025, 8 anti-trans bills have passed so far.

national bills icon

National anti-trans bills

We're tracking 21 national bills in the United States in 2025.

In 2024, an unprecedented 87 bills were introduced at the federal level across categories like healthcare, student athletics, the military, incarceration, and education during the previous 118th United States Congress, which ran until January 3, 2025.

What is happening with anti-trans bills in 2025?

In 2025, 551 bills are under consideration across the country that would negatively impact trans and gender non-conforming people. This number is anticipated to grow.

Considered

Passed

Anti-trans bills under consideration and passed, 2021-2024

2024 was the fifth consecutive record-breaking year for total bills considered. This followed the unprecedented surge in 2023, which more than tripled the record set the year before.

As the targeting of trans people has increasingly moved to the national stage, we've seen this reflected in the number of federal bills. In the span of just two years, we went from tracking zero national bills, up to an unprecedented 87 bills at the federal level in 2024.

Most active states in 2025

In 2025, legislation is being considered across 46 states, as well as nationally. Here's a snapshot of the states with the most anti-trans bills under consideration right now.

StateNumber of Bills
Texas64
Missouri58
Oklahoma30
West Virginia27

What types of bills are you tracking?

Each bill is accompanied by a category label that indicates its primary area of impact. Education and healthcare bills make up about half of all bills considered in 2025.

SPORTS EDUCATION HEALTHCARE BIRTH CERTIFICATES EMPLOYMENT BATHROOM INCARCERATION PERFORMANCE MARRIAGE CIVIL RIGHTS ADOPTION CHILD ABUSE PRONOUNS MILITARY MORE +

EDUCATION 163

These bills target educational settings. They aim to deny students name and pronoun autonomy, forcibly out trans students to their parents, and ban basic gender identity education, among other goals.

HEALTHCARE 116

The number of bills seeking to prohibit gender-affirming care — medical care supported by every major medical association — has surged in recent years. Many seek to outlaw care for minors and adults, and others would impact insurance coverage or access to services.

SPORTS 76

Sports bills target athletics in K-12 and higher education. They seek to codify sweeping definitions of gender and sex. Over one third of states have already passed laws banning transgender students from participating in sports consistent with their gender identity.

BATHROOM 40

Nearly a decade after North Carolina's infamous HB2, bathroom bills continue to be proposed. This category captures bills that would restrict access to public facilities.

PERFORMANCE 15

The performance category grew quickly in 2023, targeting gender non-conforming events and the businesses that host them. However, the language of the laws is so broad that it could extend to performances of Shakespeare.

OTHER

military 1

adoption 3

civil rights 4

employment 4

pronouns 7

child abuse 7

marriage 7

birth certificates 15

incarceration 18

other 75

Executive Orders

Executive orders are directives from the President, typically guiding federal agencies in their work. They do not change federal laws, alter the Constitution, or override the courts’ role in interpreting laws.

However, executive orders do have significant influence over the internal affairs of government and create both confusion and harm, as we are seeing following the flurry of executive orders in early 2025. Below, find a list of this year's relevant executive orders.

DateTitleQuotes
2025-02-06Eradicating Anti-Christian Bias
2025-02-05Keeping Men Out of Women’s Sports
2025-01-29Ending Radical Indoctrination in K-12 Schooling
2025-01-28Protecting Children from Chemical and Surgical Mutilation
2025-01-27Restoring America's Fighting Force
2025-01-27Prioritizing Military Excellence and Readiness
2025-01-20Defending Women from Gender Ideology Extremism and Restoring Biological Truth to the Federal Government
2025-01-20Ending Radical And Wasteful Government DEI Programs And Preferencing
2025-01-21Ending Illegal Discrimination and Restoring Merit-Based Opportunity
2025-01-20Reforming the Federal Hiring Process and Restoring Merit to Government Service

Executive orders can be overturned in several ways: Congress can pass a law reversing them if it has the authority, courts can strike them down if they violate the Constitution or federal law, and future presidents can modify or revoke them with new orders. Below, see a list of relevant executive orders from 2025.

Featured by

Our data has supported news organizations, researchers, policy makers, medical associations, and U.S. government agencies in highlighting the harm of anti-trans legislation.

Axios
NBC THINK logo
Vice News logo
Teen Vogue logo
Them logo
Daily Beast logo
The Washington Post
American Public Media logo
Cambridge University Press logo

Read the bills

We invite you to explore the texts of anti-trans bills. Below, you will find excerpts from bills that considered in 2024. Each excerpt links back to the bill listing where you can see the full details and read the complete bill.

Maryland HB1399

Life imprisonment for gender-affirming care

A health care practitioner licensed under this article may not prescribe, dispense, or administer cross–sex hormones or otherwise provide cross–sex hormone therapy for the purposes of treating a mental health diagnosis associated with gender nonconformity, including gender dysphoria, to an individual who is a minor.

A person that violates this section is guilty of a felony and on conviction is subject to imprisonment not exceeding life.

Healthcare

West Virginia HR6

"Transgenderism" as a mental disorder

Recognizing Transgenderism as a mental disorder and affirming the biological reality of two genders.

There are only two biological sexes, male and female, and these have been the case since the beginning of human history as described in the Bible.

Transgenderism, understood as a conflict between one's biological sex and gender identity, is a condition that requires careful psychological evaluation, [...] not blind affirmation.

Healthcare

Indiana SB0441

'Sex' and 'Gender' considered synonymous

"Sex" and "gender" mean the biological classification of male or female in the context of reproductive potential or capacity, which is determined by sex genes, naturally occurring sex hormones, gonads, and nonambiguous internal and external genitalia present at birth, without regard to an individual's psychological, chosen, or subjective experience.

These terms are to be considered synonymous.

Definitions

Illinois SB2474

Healthcare Ban for Minors

Prohibition on treatment of persons under the age of 18 for gender dysphoria or gender discordance.

There is an obvious self-fulfilling nature to encouraging a young boy with [gender dysphoria] to socially impersonate a girl and then institute pubertal suppression. [...] The repeated behavior of impersonating a girl alters the structure and function of the boy's brain in some way-potentially in a way that will make identity alignment with his biologic sex less likely.

The idea that mental health problems, including suicidality, are caused by gender dysphoria rather than the other way around [...] is currently popular and politically correct. It is, however, unproven and as likely to be false as true.

Healthcare

Legislative Events Today

Want to get involved? Here are the legislative events concerning bills that we are tracking across the country. Find audio and video live streams via NCSL.

See all events
Detailsdatebilltimetypelocationdescription
2025-02-19AR HB130710:00HearingRoom 149House Insurance & Commerce
2025-02-19AZ SB158608:30HearingSHR 109Senate Regulatory Affairs and Government Efficiency
2025-02-19AZ SB169413:30HearingSHR 1Senate Education
2025-02-19GA HB26713:30Hearing415 CLOBHouse Education Subcommittee On Policy
2025-02-19ID H004111:00Executive SessionSenate Floor14th Order Calendar
2025-02-19ID H013811:00Executive SessionHouse FloorThird Reading Calendar
2025-02-19ID H023009:00HearingRoom EW40House State Affairs Committee
2025-02-19ID S102711:00Executive SessionSenate FloorThird Reading Calendar
2025-02-19MN HF1215:15HearingN/AHearing
2025-02-19MO SB29508:00HearingSenate Lounge - 3rd FloorJudiciary and Civil and Criminal Jurisprudence Hearing
2025-02-19MT SB24008:30HearingRoom 422Senate Business, Labor and Economic Affairs Hearing
2025-02-19ND HB143010:20Executive SessionPioneerHouse Human Services Executive Session
2025-02-19ND SB239210:39Executive Session216Senate Education Executive Session
2025-02-19NH HB14815:15HearingLegislative Office Building 206-208(CANCELLED) Judiciary Public Hearing
2025-02-19NH HB14809:00HearingLegislative Office Building 206-208Judiciary Public Hearing
2025-02-19OK HB122409:00HearingRoom 206House Public Health Hearing
2025-02-19OK HB168809:00HearingRoom 206House Public Health Hearing
2025-02-19WV HB203316:00HearingEast Wing Committee 215EHouse Human Services Subcommittee Meeting

Legislative Calendar

Each state has its own legislative calendar. This means that sessions convene and adjourn at different times, depending on the state. The table provides a reference for 2025 state calendars.

StateSessionConvenesAdjourns
Alabama2025 - 2025 Regular Session02/04/202505/15/2025
Alaska2025-2026 - 34th Legislature01/21/202505/20/2026
Arizona2025 - 57th Legislature; First Session01/13/202504/26/2025
Arkansas2025 - 95th General Assembly; Regular Session01/13/202504/11/2025
California2025-202612/02/202411/30/2026
California2025 Spec Session 1 - X112/02/202401/31/2025
Colorado2025 - 75th General Assembly; First Session01/08/202505/07/2025
Connecticut202501/08/202506/04/2025
Delaware2025-2026 - 153rd General Assembly01/14/202506/30/2026
District of Columbia2025-2026 - 26th Council Period01/02/202512/31/2026
Florida2025 - Regular Session03/04/202505/02/2025
Georgia2025-2026 - 157th General Assembly01/13/202503/31/2026
Hawaii202501/15/202505/01/2025
Idaho2025 - 67th Legislature; First Regular Session01/06/202503/31/2025
Illinois2025-2026 - 104th General Assembly01/08/202512/31/2026
Indiana2025 - 124th General Assembly; First Regular Session01/06/202504/29/2025
Iowa2025 - 90th General Assembly; First Session01/13/202504/30/2025
Kansas2025 - Regular Session01/13/202505/01/2025
Kentucky2025 - Regular Session01/07/202504/15/2025
Louisiana2025 - Regular Session04/14/202506/10/2025
Maine2025-2026 - 132nd Legislature12/04/202406/19/2026
Maryland2025 - Regular Session01/08/202504/07/2025
Massachusetts2025-2026 - 194th General Court01/01/202512/31/2026
Michigan2025-2026 - 102nd Legislature01/08/202512/31/2026
Minnesota2025-2026 - 94th Legislature01/07/202512/31/2026
Mississippi2025 - Regular Session01/07/202504/07/2025
Missouri2025 - 102nd General Assembly; First Regular Session01/08/202505/30/2025
Montana2025 - 69th Legislature; Regular Session01/06/202504/27/2025
Nebraska2025 - 108th Legislature; First Session01/08/202506/05/2025
Nevada2025 - 83rd Regular Session02/03/202506/02/2025
New Hampshire2025-2026 - 169th General Court01/08/202512/31/2026
New Jersey2025-2026 - 221st Legislature01/14/202512/31/2026
New Mexico2025 - 57th Legislature; First Regular Session01/21/202503/22/2025
New York2025-2026 - 204th Legislature01/08/202512/31/2026
North Carolina2025-2026 - 161st General Assembly01/29/202506/30/2026
North Dakota2025 - 69th Legislative Assembly; Regular Session01/07/202504/26/2025
Ohio2025-2026 - 135th General Assembly01/06/202512/31/2026
Oklahoma2025 - 60th Legislature; First Session02/03/202505/30/2025
Oregon2025 - 83rd Legislative Assembly; Regular Session02/03/202506/30/2025
Pennsylvania2025-2026 - 209th General Assembly01/07/202512/31/2026
Rhode Island2025-2026 - 113th General Assembly01/06/202512/31/2026
South Carolina2025 - 126th General Assembly01/08/202506/01/2025
South Dakota2025 - 98th Legislative Session01/13/202503/31/2025
Tennessee2025 - 113th General Assembly01/14/202504/30/2025
Texas2025 - 88th Regular Legislative Session01/14/202505/29/2025
Utah2025 - 67th Legislature; General Session01/27/202503/13/2025
Vermont2025 - 2025-2026 Biennium01/07/202506/30/2026
Virginia2025 - 2025 Regular Session01/14/202503/14/2025
Washington2025 - 69th Legislative Session01/13/202504/27/2025
West Virginia2025 - 87th Legislature01/08/202504/08/2025
Wisconsin2025-2026 - 105th Legislature01/06/202512/31/2026
Wyoming2025 - 67th Legislative Session01/13/202503/11/2025

History and trends of anti-trans legislation in the U.S.

If you want to learn about the recent history of anti-trans legislation in the United States, start with our overview of anti-trans data. The overview documents the steep rise in bills targeting trans kids and adults.

Our further reading recommendations curate articles exploring the language and arguments employed in these transphobic bills, as well as the organizations promoting anti-trans legislation.

We strive to present the most comprehensive and up-to-date data record of anti-trans legislation in the United States. Trans Legislation Tracker maintains an expanding archive of historical data regarding U.S. anti-trans bills. You can take a deeper dive into recent years through our annual reports featured below.

What happened with anti-trans bills in 2024?

We take a look back at the most active year of anti-trans legislation on record: themes, passed bills, and what it means for transgender people across the U.S.

2024 anti-trans legislation recap illustration

674 bills

43 states

50 passed

2024 anti-trans bills recap

This annual review describes the record-breaking year of 2024. We chart the ballooning number of educational, sports, and healthcare bills. We also follow broader efforts to redefine terms that would effectively define trans people out of state law. Finally, we quantify the increases in anti-trans bills on the national stage.

2023 anti-trans bills recap

This annual review describes the doubling down of efforts to limit transgender healthcare for youth and adults in 2023. We chart the ballooning number of bills targeting educational settings (bathrooms, sports, pronoun use, gender identity education, etc.), and the unprecedented wave of national anti-trans bills.

2022 anti-trans bills recap

The 2022 recap highlights the large number of bills seeking to enshrine into state law the definition of "man" and "woman" as being synonymous with a "biological sex" assigned at birth. We look back at Florida's "Don't say gay" bill, Oklahoma's declaration of an emergency in order to prohibit non-binary birth certificates, and the first passage of a law to impose criminal penalties on providers of gender-affirming care.

Trans Legislation Tracker