Trans Legislation Tracker

2024 anti-trans bills tracker

In 2024, anti-trans bills continue to be introduced across the country. We track legislation that seeks to block trans people from receiving basic healthcare, education, legal recognition, and the right to publicly exist.

665 bills

43 states

45 passed

128 active

492 failed

AlaskaHawaiiAlabamaArkansasArizonaCaliforniaColoradoConnecticutFloridaGeorgiaIowaIdahoIllinoisIndianaKansasKentuckyLouisianaMassachusettsMarylandMaineMichiganMinnesotaMissouriMississippiMontanaNorth CarolinaNorth DakotaNebraskaNew HampshireNew JerseyNew MexicoNevadaNew YorkOhioOklahomaOregonPennsylvaniaRhode IslandSouth CarolinaSouth DakotaTennesseeTexasUtahVirginiaVermontWisconsinWest VirginiaWyomingDistrict of ColumbiaDelaware

Click on a state to see bills

national bills icon

National anti-trans bills

We're tracking 81 national bills in the United States in 2024.

In 2023, an unprecedented 53 bills were introduced at the federal level across categories like healthcare, student athletics, the military, incarceration, and education. We'll continue to provide updates from the 118th United States Congress, which runs from 2023-2024.

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What is happening with anti-trans bills right now?

We're tracking 665 bills in 2024, more than any other year on record. That makes this the fifth consecutive record-breaking year for total number of anti-trans bills considered in the U.S.

An unprecedented 81 bills are being considered at the federal level as the targeting of trans people increasingly moves to the national stage.

Passed anti-trans bills

In 2024, 45 anti-trans bills have passed so far.

What types of bills are you tracking?

Each bill we track is accompanied by a category label that indicates its primary area of impact. Here's a list of some of the top categories we're following this year.

EDUCATION SPORTS HEALTHCARE CIVIL RIGHTS BATHROOM EMPLOYMENT INCARCERATION CHILD ABUSE PERFORMANCE BIRTH CERTIFICATES MARRIAGE MILITARY MORE +

Most active states

Bills are being introduced rapidly in 2024. We're tracking legislation in 43 states, as well as nationally. Here's a snapshot of the states with the most anti-trans bills under consideration.

StateNumber of Bills
National81
Oklahoma60
Missouri47
South Carolina37

45 have already passed.

128 are still active.

492 bills have failed.

Legislative attacks continue

We're documenting an explosion of anti-trans bills. 2024 is the fifth consecutive record-breaking year for total bills considered. This follows the unprecedented surge in 2023, which tripled the record set the year before.

Considered

Passed

Anti-trans bills under consideration and passed, 2021-2024

Category overview

Education and healthcare bills make up more than half of all bills considered in 2024. Learn about the categories and see the total number of bills we're tracking within each this year.

EDUCATION 199

These bills target educational settings. They aim to deny students name and pronoun autonomy, forcibly out trans students to their parents, and ban basic gender identity education, among other goals.

HEALTHCARE 184

The number of bills seeking to prohibit gender-affirming care — medical care supported by every major medical association — has surged in recent years. Many seek to outlaw care for minors and adults, and others would impact insurance coverage or access to services.

SPORTS 61

Sports bills target athletics in K-12 and higher education. They seek to codify sweeping definitions of gender and sex. Over one third of states have already passed laws banning transgender students from participating in sports consistent with their gender identity.

PERFORMANCE 29

The performance category grew quickly in 2023, targeting gender non-conforming events and the businesses that host them. However, the language of the laws is so broad that it could extend to performances of Shakespeare.

BATHROOM 28

Nearly a decade after North Carolina's infamous HB2, bathroom bills continue to be proposed. This category captures bills that would restrict access to public facilities.

OTHER

child abuse 2

employment 2

military 4

birth certificates 9

marriage 14

incarceration 14

civil rights 48

other 71

Featured by

Our data has supported news organizations, researchers, policy makers, medical associations, and U.S. government agencies in highlighting the harm of anti-trans legislation.

Axios
NBC THINK logo
Vice News logo
Teen Vogue logo
Them logo
Daily Beast logo
The Washington Post
American Public Media logo
Cambridge University Press logo

Read the bills

We invite you to explore the texts of anti-trans bills. Below, you will find excerpts from bills that are being considered across the U.S. in 2024. Each excerpt links back to the bill listing where you can see the full details and read the complete bill.

MO HB2885

Felony charges for "contributing to social transition"

A person commits the offense of contributing to social transition if the person is acting in his or her official capacity as a teacher or school counselor and the person provides support, regardless of whether the support is material, information, or other resources to a child regarding social transition. The offense of contributing to social transition is a class E felony.

Requires a person to be placed on the sexual offender registry.

EducationPronounsAutonomy

MO HB1674

"Hostile work environment" bathroom bill

(1) The general assembly hereby finds the following:

(a) Requiring employees to share [a] restroom [...] with members of the opposite sex can create a hostile work environment; and

(b) It is in the public interest to ensure that all employees have access to restroom and locker room facilities that correspond to his or her biological sex.

[...] it is the public policy of [Missouri] to prohibit employers from requiring employees to share multiple-occupancy restrooms or changing areas or locker room facilites with members of the opposite sex.

EmploymentBathroom

MO SB868

Forced outing, misgendering, and name autonomy

If a student [expresses] discomfort or confusion about [their] biological sex, the school official shall notify such student's parents of the discussion within forty-eight hours.

No school official shall use a name to address a student other than the name registered by such student's parent

No school official shall use a pronoun [...] that differs from such student's biological sex without the written permission of such student's parents.

No school may require a school official to use a pronoun that does not match a person's biological sex if doing so would be contrary to the school official's religious or moral convictions.

EducationPronounsAutonomy

FL H0599

No pronouns at work

It is the policy of the state that a person's sex is an immutable biological trait and that it is false to ascribe to a person a pronoun that does not correspond to such person's sex.

An employee [...]may not provide to an employer his or her preferred personal title or pronouns if [it does] not correspond to his or her sex.

An employee [...] may not be asked by an employer to provide his or her preferred personal title or pronouns

EmploymentPronounsAutonomy

NH HB1356

Students can't choose their names & pronouns

An employee or contractor shall not:

(a) Use a name [for] a student that does not match the name listed on the student's birth certificate, or derivatives thereof, without written permission from the student's parent or legal guardian;

(b) Use a pronoun [for] a student, unless that pronoun corresponds to the gender listed on the student's birth certificate, without written permission from the student's parent or legal guardian

EducationPronounsAutonomy

Legislative Calendar

Legislative sessions are just getting started in 2024, and each state has its own calendar. Find your state's schedule in the comprehensive list below.

StateSessionConvenesAdjourns
Alabama2024 Regular Session2/6/245/20/24
Alaska33rd Legislature1/16/245/15/24
Arizona56th Legislature1/8/244/26/24
Arkansas94th General Assembly4/10/245/9/24
California2024-2024 Biennium1/3/248/31/24
Colorado2024 Regular Session1/10/245/8/24
Connecticut2024 Regular Session2/7/245/8/24
Delaware152nd General Assembly1/9/246/30/24
Florida2024 Regular Session1/9/243/8/24
Georgia2024-2024 Biennium1/8/243/28/24
Hawaii2024 Regular Session1/17/245/2/24
Idaho2024 Regular Session1/8/243/28/24
Illinois103rd General Assembly1/16/245/24/25
Indiana2024 Regular Session1/8/243/14/24
Iowa90th General Assembly1/8/244/16/24
Kansas2024-2024 Biennium1/8/245/3/24
Kentucky2024 Regular Session1/2/244/15/24
Louisiana2024 Regular Session3/11/246/4/24
Maine131st Legislature1/3/244/17/24
Maryland2024 Regular Session1/10/244/8/24
Massachusetts193rd General Court1/3/241/2/25
Michigan102nd Legislature1/10/2412/31/24
Minnesota93rd Legislature2/12/245/20/24
Mississippi2024 Regular Session1/2/245/5/24
Missouri2024 Regular Session1/3/245/17/24
MontanaNo Regular Session in 2024
Nebraska108th Legislature1/3/244/18/24
NevadaNo Regular Session in 2024
New Hampshire2024 Regular Session1/3/246/30/24
New Jersey2024-2025 Biennium1/9/241/13/26
New Mexico2024 Regular Session1/16/242/15/24
New York2024-2024 Biennium1/3/241/2/25
North Carolina2024-2024 Biennium4/24/247/31/24
North DakotaNo Regular Session in 2024
Ohio135th General Assembly1/2/2412/31/24
Oklahoma2024 Regular Session2/5/245/31/24
Oregon2024 Regular Session2/5/243/10/24
Pennsylvania2024-2024 Biennium1/2/2411/30/24
Rhode Island2024 Regular Session1/2/246/30/24
South Carolina125th General Assembly1/9/245/9/24
South Dakota2024 Regular Session1/9/243/25/24
Tennessee113th General Assembly1/9/244/25/24
TexasNo Regular Session in 2024
Utah2024 Regular Session1/16/243/1/24
Vermont2024-2024 Biennium1/3/245/9/24
Virginia2024 Regular Session1/10/243/9/24
Washington2024-2024 Biennium1/8/243/7/24
West Virginia2024 Regular Session1/10/243/9/24
Wisconsin2024-2024 Biennium1/2/241/2/25
Wyoming2024 Budget Session2/12/243/8/24
District of Columbia25th Council1/2/2412/31/24
US Congress118th Congress1/3/2410/30/24

History and trends of anti-trans legislation in the U.S.

If you want to learn about the recent history of anti-trans legislation in the United States, start with our overview of anti-trans data. The overview documents the steep rise in bills targeting trans kids and adults.

Our further reading recommendations curate articles exploring the language and arguments employed in these transphobic bills, as well as the organizations promoting anti-trans legislation.

We strive to present the most comprehensive and up-to-date data record of anti-trans legislation in the United States. Trans Legislation Tracker maintains an expanding archive of historical data regarding U.S. anti-trans bills. You can take a deeper dive into recent years through our annual reports featured below.

What happened with anti-trans bills in 2023?

We take a look back at the most active year of anti-trans legislation on record: themes, passed bills, and what it means for transgender people across the U.S.

2023 anti-trans legislation recap illustration

615 bills

49 states

87 passed

324 failed

2023 anti-trans bills recap

This annual review describes the doubling down of efforts to limit transgender healthcare for youth and adults in 2023. We chart the ballooning number of bills targeting educational settings (bathrooms, sports, pronoun use, gender identity education, etc.), and the unprecedented wave of national anti-trans bills.

2022 anti-trans bills recap

The 2022 recap highlights the large number of bills seeking to enshrine into state law the definition of "man" and "woman" as being synonymous with a "biological sex" assigned at birth. We look back at Florida's "Don't say gay" bill, Oklahoma's declaration of an emergency in order to prohibit non-binary birth certificates, and the first passage of a law to impose criminal penalties on providers of gender-affirming care.

Trans Legislation Tracker